A matriarch was the leader of any specifically female-ruled culture. A prominent example of this was on Dathomir, where Zalem was matriarch for a time.
Saheelindeel had a matriarch ruler during Han Solo's visit, in 1 BBY. On Honoghr, the planet of the Noghri, each clan had a matriarch, called Maitrakh. This person was the storyteller, leader, and lore keeper of the clan. Banthas, native to Tatooine, were very intelligent and social mammals who lived in matriarchal herds.